Effects of Anthropic and Ambient Vibrations on Archaeological Sites: The Case of the Circus Maximus in Rome

The vibration effects on the Torre della Moletta and the ruins of the Circus Maximus in Rome are analyzed in the framework of a preservation effort of this archaeological area. Thanks to its ex-ceptional size, the Circus hosts many social events with large audience (pop-music, opera con-certs, sport celebrations, etc.) every year, thus taking the structures under high anthropic and environmental stress. Recordings were completed before, during, and after the concert of a fa-mous band, on 7 September 2019 . Data were analyzed, both in time and frequency do-mains. The experimental dynamic recordings were coupled with a surface waves test and sin-gle-station ambient vibration recordings, which were useful for the geotechnical characterization of the soil. The results pointed out the differences in amplitudes but also in terms of frequency content of the recorded velocities during the concert with respect to before and after it. The maximum velocities recorded at various locations were almost similar to the limit values sug-gested by codes. The dynamic behavior of the ground and the structures is influenced by the presence of buried structures.